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What is the principle of motor soft starter?

Release time：

2023-05-22

The motor soft starter is a motor control device, its main function is to smoothly start the motor and reduce the impact of the starting current on the power grid and the motor itself. The working principle of the soft starter mainly involves the control of the thyristor. A thyristor is a semiconductor device that can adjust the voltage applied to the motor by controlling its conduction angle.

During the starting process, the soft starter gradually increases the input voltage of the motor from zero or a lower value to the rated voltage. In this way, the motor can be smoothly accelerated to avoid the mechanical and electrical impact brought by the traditional starting method. In addition, the soft starter can also provide a soft stop function, that is, the voltage is gradually reduced when the motor is stopped to avoid the torque shock caused by sudden shutdown.

The soft starter also integrates a variety of protection functions, such as overvoltage, overcurrent and mechanical overload protection, to ensure the safety of the motor and the power grid. After the motor reaches the rated speed, the soft starter will automatically switch to the bypass contactor to provide the rated voltage, while reducing the thermal loss of the thyristor and extending the life of the equipment.

In addition, the soft starter can also adjust the starting parameters according to the load characteristics, such as the current limit value and starting time, to adapt to different application requirements. In some cases, the soft starter also has a power saving function, which improves the power factor by reducing the operating voltage at no-load or light-load, and realizes energy saving.

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